full integration elements Archives - Lessons for Civil

Shear Locking Error

Shear locking error As it is said earlier, reduced integration elements are suffering hourglass effect due to their low bending stiffness. On the other hand higher bending stiffness of full integration elements might cause another numerical issue, called shear locking effect. Fully integrated first order elements, such as solid elements, Timoshenko beam elements, may exhibit […]

Reduced Integration VS full integration

In finite element (FE) methods, the calculating of element stiffness is of a fundamental importance to compute the deformation of the element. Depending on the complicity and importance of the problem the stiffness matrix can be calculated by different accuracy. One of the well-known method for numerical integration of two-dimensional integration is Simpson’s rule, which […]